塔里木盆地顺北地区走滑断裂特征及控藏作用

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20250610

Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 107-118.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250610

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles

Characteristics of strike-slip faults and their controls on hydrocarbon accumulation in Shunbei area, Tarim Basin

HUANG Cheng¹, ZHU Lianhua¹, BU Xuqiang¹, ZENG Jianhui^2,3, LONG Hui^2,3, LIAO Wenhao^2,3, LIU Yazhou^2,3, QIAO Juncheng^2,3

1. Exploration and Development Research Institute of Sinopec Northwest Oilfield Company, Urumqi 830011, China;
2. College of Earth Sciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
3. National Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Resources and Engineering, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China

Received:2024-11-25 Revised:2025-05-23 Published:2025-11-07

Abstract

Abstract: In recent years, breakthroughs have been achieved in ultra-deep carbonate oil and gas exploration in Tarim Basin, and hydrocarbons have been discovered across multiple strike-slip fault zones in Shunbei area. Based on seismic profile interpretation, taking the southern section of Shunbei No.5 strike-slip fault zone as an example, the hydrocarbon sources connectivity, transport capacity, and reservoir modification capacity of the strike-slip fault zone were analyzed, and their controlling on hydrocarbon accumulation was discussed. The results show that: (1) Strike-slip fault zones in Shunbei area of Tarim Basin play three crucial roles in ultra-deep carbonate hydrocarbon accumulation: hydrocarbon sources connection, hydrocarbon transport, and reservoir modification. Integrated multiple factors, a semi-quantitative assessment criterion was established to categorize hydrocarbon source connectivity into three types: strong source connectivity, moderate source connectivity, and weak source connectivity. (2) The development of two sets of gypsum salt rock formations (Awatage Formation and Wusongge'er Formation) in Shunbei area has affected the across layer transport of oil and gas. The gypsum salt layer can be classified into three types: escape thinning type, fracture uplift type, and uplift thickening type. The thickness of the gypsum rock layer decreases at the location of strike-slip fault development. When the fault is active, oil and gas easily break through the blockage of the gypsum salt layer and migrate upward. Under the influence of compressive stress, the gypsum salt layer is prone to develop branch faults that intersect with vertical main strike-slip faults, resulting in strata fragment. Oil and gas can be injected into the upper strata of the gypsum layer through small-scale branch faults and fragmented strata, thereby facilitating oil and gas transport. (3) Reservoir spaces in deep carbonate rocks in Shunbei area are mainly caves, vugs, and fractures, which exhibit distinct seismic characteristics of fracture + "beaded reflection", fracture + "chaotic reflection", and fracture + "weak reflection". The reservoirs mainly consist of fractured zones formed by tectonic stress, and subsequently superimposed by deep hydrothermal fluid modification. Fractures can be classified into high-angle fractures, oblique fractures, irregular fractures, and induced fractures. (4) Three enrichment models can be identified in Shunbei area: "strong sourcing-efficient transport-superior reservoir-premium enrichment" "strong sourcing-weak transport-superior reservoir-moderate enrichment" "weak sourcing-weak transport-poor reservoirpoor accumulation".

Key words: strike-slip fault, sources connectivity, transport function, reservoir modification, fault-controlling fracture-cavity reservoir, Ordovician, Shunbei area, Tarim Basin

CLC Number:

TE122.1⁺2

HUANG Cheng, ZHU Lianhua, BU Xuqiang, ZENG Jianhui, LONG Hui, LIAO Wenhao, LIU Yazhou, QIAO Juncheng. Characteristics of strike-slip faults and their controls on hydrocarbon accumulation in Shunbei area, Tarim Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs, 2025, 37(6): 107-118.

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