Lithologic Reservoirs ›› 2023, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (3): 29-39.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20230303

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of upper member of Paleogene Xiaganchaigou Formation in Nanyishan area， northwestern Qaidam Basin

ZHANG Zhenhua1, ZHANG Xiaojun2,3, ZHONG Dakang1, GOU Yingchun2,3, ZHANG Shiming2,3   

  1. 1. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum(Beijing), Beijing 102249, China;
    2. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development-Northwest, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Reservoir Description, CNPC, Lanzhou 730020, China
  • Received:2021-11-30 Revised:2022-05-26 Online:2023-05-01 Published:2023-04-25

PDF (PC)

253

Abstract: By means of core observation，thin section identification and electron probe analysis，the reservoir characteristics and main controlling factors of the upper member of Paleogene Xiaganchaigou Formation（E32）in Nanyishan area of northwestern Qaidam Basin were studied. The results show that：（1）The reservoirs of E32 in Nanyishan area are characterized mixed sedimentation，dominated by carbonate rocks，with an average mass fraction of 42.6%，containing terrigenous clast，anhydrite and clay minerals，with the average mass fraction of 24.9%， 9.0% and 12.8%，respectively. The lithologies of the reservoirs are mainly limestone，dolomite and algal limestone，with an average volume fraction of 49.0%，12.0% and 6.0% respectively.（2）The reservoir porosity in the study ranges from 1.0% to 13.3%，with an average of 4.9%，and 92% of the samples have permeability less than 0.02 mD，indicating low porosity and ultra-low permeability. The pores are mainly dissolved pores and intercrystalline pores，and microfractures are developed，but they are often filled with cements，and the connectivity is poor. According to the pore throat radius，the throat can be divided into three types： medium throat，fine-medium throat and fine-micro throat，and the average pore throat radii are 0.350 μm，0.110 μm and 0.030 μm respectively，accounting for 15%，40% and 45% respectively.（3）The sedimentary subfacies in the study area is mainly shallow lacustrine to semi-deep lacustrine，which can be subdivided into four microfacies，namely，calcareous-dolomitic flat，algal mat，sand flat and mud flat. The development of reservoirs is closely related to sedimentary microfacies，of which the calcareous-dolomitic flat reservoir accounts for the largest proportion，accounting for 67% of the total thickness of the reservoir. High-quality reservoirs are developed in algal mat，and the thicker the algal limestone is，the better the physical properties of the reservoir are，while reservoir is hardly developed in mud flat.（4）The reservoirs in the study area are controlled by diagenesis and tectonism. Quasi-syngenetic dolomitization，dissolution and tectonism increased reservoir space and improved reservoir permeability，while cementation in the late sedimentary period has a destructive effect on the development of reservoir.

Key words: mixed sediments, calcareous-dolomitic flat, algal mat, shallow lacustrine to semi-deep lacustrine subfacies, quasi-syngenetic dolomitization, upper member of Xiaganchaigou Formation, Paleogene, Nanyishan area, northwestern Qaidam Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE122.2
[1] 夏青松,田景春,倪新锋.湖相碳酸盐岩研究现状及意义[J].沉积与特提斯地质, 2003, 23(1):105-112. XIA Qingsong, TIAN Jingchun, NI Xinfeng. Lacustrine carbonate rocks in China:An overview[J]. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology, 2003, 23(1):105-112.
[2] 蒲秀刚,周立宏,肖敦清,等.黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷西南缘湖相碳酸盐岩地质特征[J].石油勘探与开发, 2011, 38(2):136-144. PU Xiugang, ZHOU Lihong, XIAO Dunqing, et al. Lacustrine carbonates in the southwest margin of Qikou Sag, Huanghua Depression, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2011, 38(2):136-144.
[3] 周自立,杜韫华.湖相碳酸盐岩的沉积相与油气分布关系:以山东胜利油田下第三系碳酸盐岩为例[J].石油实验地质, 1986, 8(2):123-132. ZHOU Zili, DU Yunhua. Relationship between sedimentary facies of lacustrine carbonate rocks and oil and gas distribution[J]. Petroleum Geology&Experiment, 1986, 8(2):123-132.
[4] COHEN A S, THOUIN C. Near-shore carbonate deposits in Lake Tanganyika[J]. Geology, 1987, 15(5):414-418.
[5] BENSON L. Factors affecting 14C ages of lacustrine carbonates:Timing and duration of the last highstand lake in the Labontan Basin[J]. Quatern Research, 1993, 39(2):163-174.
[6] BUSTILLO M A, ARRIBAS M E, BUSTILLO M. Dolomitization and silicification in low-energy lacustrine carbonates (Paleogene, Madrid Basin, Spin)[J]. Sedimentary Geology, 2002, 151(1/2):107-126.
[7] TUEHER M E, WRIGHT V P. Carbonate sedimentology[M]. Oxford:Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1990:482.
[8] 万传治,王鹏,薛建勤,等.柴达木盆地柴西地区古近系-新近系致密油勘探潜力分析[J].岩性油气藏, 2015, 27(3):26-31. WAN Chuanzhi, WANG Peng, XUE Jianqin, et al. Exploration potential of tight oil of the Paleogene and Neogene in western Qaidam Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2015, 27(3):26-31.
[9] 党玉琪,陈子炓,施泽进,等.达木盆地西部南翼山浅油藏储层特征[J].成都理工大学学报(自然科学版), 2004, 31(5):498-504. DANG Yuqi, CHEN Ziliao, SHI Zejin, et al. Reservoir characteristics of Nanyishan shallow oil pool in west of Qaidam Basin, China[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology (Science&Technology Edition), 2004, 31(5):498-504.
[10] 魏莉,李建明,马力宁.柴达木盆地南翼山油田新近系储层特征[J].长江大学学报(自然科学版), 2011, 8(9):20-23. WEI Li, LI Jianming, MA Lining. Neogene reservoir characteristics of Nanyishan oilfield in Qaidam Basin[J]. Journal of Yangtze University (Natural Science Edition), 2011, 8(9):20-23.
[11] 吴昌吉,包慧涛,张俊峰,等.柴达木盆地南翼山油田低渗透储层特征[J].中国石油和化工标准与质量, 2013, 34(1):175-177. WU Changji, BAO Huitao, ZHANG Junfeng, et al. Characteristics of low permeability reservoir in Nanyishan oilfield, Qaidam Basin[J]. China Petroleum and Chemical Standard and Quality, 2013, 34(1):175-177.
[12] 庄玮,邓先伟,高旭明,等.柴达木盆地南翼山浅油藏油砂山组储层岩石学特征[J].科学技术与工程, 2012, 12(15):3729-3732. ZHUANG Wei, DENG Xianwei, GAO Xuming, et al. Lithology characteristics of Nanyishan shallow oil pool in Qaidam Basin, China[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2012, 12(15):3729-3732.
[13] 刘菲,李建明,曾婷,等.柴达木盆地南翼山上新统碳酸盐岩储层特征[J].内蒙古石油化工, 2007, 124(12):364-367. LIU Fei, LI Jianming, ZENG Ting, et al. Pliocene carbonate reservoir characteristics of Nanyishan in Qaidam Basin, China[J]. Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry, 2007, 124(12):364-367.
[14] 吴兴录.柴达木盆地南翼山构造裂缝储层特征[J].特种油气藏, 2003, 10(6):16-19. WU Xinglu. Characteristics of tectoclase reservoirs in Nanyishan of Qaidam Basin[J]. Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs, 2003, 10(6):16-19.
[15] 王建功,张道伟,易定红,等.柴西地区下干柴沟组上段湖相碳酸盐岩沉积特征及相模式[J].岩性油气藏, 2018, 30(4):1-13. WANG Jiangong, ZHANG Daowei, YI Dinghong, et al. Depositional characteristics and facies model of lacustrine carbonate rock in the upper member of lower Ganchaigou Formation in western Qaidam Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2018, 30(4):1-13.
[16] 崔俊,毛建英,陈登钱,等.柴达木盆地西部地区古近系湖相碳酸盐岩储层特征[J].岩性油气藏, 2022, 34(2):45-53. CUI Jun, MAO Jianying, CHEN Dengqian, et al. Reservoir characteristics of Paleogene lacustrine carbonate rocks in western Qaidam Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2022, 34(2):45-53.
[17] 黄成刚,袁剑英,曹正林,等.咸化湖盆储集层中咸水流体与岩石矿物相互作用实验模拟研究[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2015, 34(2):343-348. HUANG Chenggang, YUAN Jianying, CAO Zhenglin, et al. Simulate experiment study about the saline fluid-rock interaction in the clastic reservoir of the Saline Lacustrine Basin[J]. Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry, 2015, 34(2):343-348.
[18] 石油地质勘探专业标准化委员会.油气储层评价方法:SY/T 6285-2011[S].北京:石油工业出版社, 2011. Petroleum Exploration Standardization Technical Committee. Evaluating methods of oil and gas reservoirs:SY/T 6285-2011[S]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press, 2011.
[19] 刘文栋,钟大康,尹宏,等.川西北栖霞组超深层白云岩储层特征及主控因素[J].中国矿业大学学报, 2021, 50(2):342-362. LIU Wendong, ZHONG Dakang, YIN Hong, et al. Development characteristics and main controlling factors of ultra-deep dolomite reservoirs of the Qixia formation in the northwestern Sichuan Basin[J]. Journal of China University of Mining&Technology, 2021, 50(2):342-362.
[20] 袁晓宇.柴达木盆地英西地区古近系下干柴沟组上段沉积与成岩作用[D].兰州:兰州大学, 2019. YUAN Xiaoyu. Sedimentation and diagenesis of upper member of Paleogene Xiaganchaigou Formation in Yingxi area, Qaidam Basin[D]. Lanzhou:Lanzhou University, 2019.
[21] 贾承造,邹才能,李建忠,等.中国致密油评价标准、主要类型、基本特征及资源前景[J].石油学报, 2012, 33(3):343-350. JIA Chengzao, ZOU Caineng, LI Jianzhong, et al. Assessment criteria, main types, basic features and resource prospects of the tight oil in China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012, 33(3):343-350.
[22] 袁剑英,黄成刚,夏青松,等.咸化湖盆碳酸盐岩储层特征及孔隙形成机理:以柴西地区始新统下干柴沟组为例[J].地质论评, 2016, 62(1):111-126. YUAN Jianying, HUANG Chenggang, XIA Qingsong, et al. The characteristics of carbonate reservoir, and formation mechanism of pores in the Saline Lacustrine Basin:A case study of the lower Eocene Ganchaigou Formation in western Qaidam Basin[J]. Geological Review, 2016, 62(1):111-126.
[23] 文华国,郑荣才, QING Hairuo,等.青藏高原北缘酒泉盆地青西凹陷白垩系湖相热水沉积原生白云岩[J].中国科学:地球科学, 2014, 44(4):591-604. WEN Huaguo, ZHENG Rongcai, QING Hairuo, et al. Primary dolostone related to the Cretaceous lacustrine hydrothermal sedimentation in Qingxi Sag, Jiuquan Basin on the northern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Scientia Sinica (Terrae), 2014, 44(4):591-604.
[24] 冯进来,曹剑,胡凯,等.柴达木盆地中深层混积岩储层形成机制[J].岩石学报, 2011, 27(8):2461-2472. FENG Jinlai, CAO Jian, HU Kai, et al. Forming mechanism of middle-deep mixed rock reservoir in the Qaidam Basin[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2011, 27(8):2461-2472.
[1] ZHOU Ziqiang, ZHU Zhengping, PAN Renfang, DONG Yu, JIN Jineng. Simulation and prediction of tight sandstone reservoirs based on waveform facies-controlled inversion：A case study from the second member of Paleogene Kongdian Formation in southern Cangdong sag， Huanghua Depression [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(5): 77-86.
[2] ZHANG Lei, LI Sha, LUO Bobo, LYU Boqiang, XIE Min, CHEN Xinping, CHEN Dongxia, DENG Caiyun. Accumulation mechanism of overpressured lithologic reservoirs of the third member of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in northern Dongpu Sag [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(4): 57-70.
[3] ZHU Kangle, GAO Gang, YANG Guangda, ZHANG Dongwei, ZHANG Lili, ZHU Yixiu, LI Jing. Characteristics of deep source rocks and hydrocarbon accumulation model of Paleogene Shahejie Form ationin Qingshui subsag，Liaohe Depression [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(3): 146-157.
[4] XI Zhibo, LIAO Jianping, GAO Rongjin, ZHOU Xiaolong, LEI Wenwen. Tectonic evolution and hydrocarbon accumulation in northern Chenjia fault zone，Liaohe Depression [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(3): 127-136.
[5] FENG Bin, HUANG Xiaobo, HE Youbin, LI Hua, LUO Jinxiong, LI Tao, ZHOU Xiaoguang. Reconstruction of source-to-sink system of the third member of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Miaoxibei area，Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(3): 84-95.
[6] FANG Xuqing, ZHONG Qi, ZHANG Jianguo, LI Junliang, MENG Tao, JIANG Zaixing, ZHAO Haibo. Cyclostratigraphy analysis and stratigraphic division of lower Sha-3 member of Paleogene in Zhanhua Sag，Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(3): 19-30.
[7] WANG Ya, LIU Zongbin, LU Yan, WANG Yongping, LIU Chao. Flow unit division based on SSOM and its production application： A case study of sublacustrine turbidity channels of middle Es3 in F oilfield，Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(2): 160-169.
[8] NIU Chengmin, HUI Guanzhou, DU Xiaofeng, GUAN Dayong, WANG Bingjie, WANG Qiming, ZHANG Hongguo. Sedimentary model of sublacustrine fan of the third member of Paleogene Dongying Formation and large-scale oilfield discovered in western slope of Liaozhong Sag [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2024, 36(2): 33-42.
[9] LI Shengqian, ZENG Jianhui, LIU Yazhou, LI Miao, JIAO Panpan. Reservoir diagenesis and pore evolution of Paleogene Pinghu Formation in Kongqueting area of Xihu Sag，East China Sea Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(5): 49-61.
[10] HU Wangshui, GAO Feiyue, LI Ming, GUO Zhijie, WANG Shichao, LI Xiangming, LI Shengming, JIE Qiong. Fine characterization of reservoir units of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Langgu Sag，Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(5): 92-99.
[11] ZENG Xu, BIAN Congsheng, SHEN Rui, ZHOU Kejia, LIU Wei, ZHOU Suyan, WANG Xiaoluan. Nonlinear seepage characteristics of shale oil reservoirs of the third member of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Qikou Sag，Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(3): 40-50.
[12] ZHENG Bin, DONG Ao, ZHANG Yuanzhi, ZHANG Yi, SU Shan, ZHANG Shichao, FAN Jinjin, LUO Yinshan. Fluid pressure field building process and its petroleum geological significance of Paleogene Shahejie Formatiom in Bonan sag, Jiyang Depression [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(2): 59-67.
[13] YING Kaiying, CAI Chang'e, LIANG Yuqi, CHEN Hong, SHANG Wenliang, SU Guijiao. Vertical sealing of Paleogene faults and its control on reservoirs in Chaluhe fault depression, Yitong Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(2): 136-143.
[14] WANYAN Ze, LONG Guohui, YANG Wei, CHAI Jingchao, MA Xinmin, TANG Li, ZHAO Jian, LI Haipeng. Hydrocarbon accumulation and evolution characteristics of Paleogene in Yingxiongling area, Qaidam Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(2): 94-102.
[15] HUANG Junli, ZHANG Wei, LIU Lihui, CAI Guofu, ZENG Youliang, MENG Qingyou, LIU Hao. Ternary seismic configuration interpretation technology of Paleogene Wenchang Formation in Panyu 4 depression, Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2023, 35(2): 103-112.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] KUANG Hongwei, GAO Zhenzhong, WANG Zhengyun, WANG Xiaoguang. A type of specific subtle reservoir : Analysis on the origin of diagenetic trapped reservoirs and its significance for exploration in Xia 9 wellblock of Junggar Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2008, 20(1): 8 -14 .
[2] LI Guojun, ZHENG Rongcai, TANG Yulin, WANG Yang, TANG Kai. Sequence-based lithofacies and paleogeography of Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2007, 19(4): 64 -70 .
[3] CAI Jia. Sedimentary facies of Neogene Sanya Formation in Changchang Sag, Qiongdongnan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2017, 29(5): 46 -54 .
[4] ZHANG Hui, GUAN Da, XIANG Xuemei, CHEN Yong. Prediction for fractured tight sandstone reservoir of Xu 4 member in eastern Yuanba area,northeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2018, 30(1): 133 -139 .
[5] FU Guang, LIU Bo, LV Yanfang. Comprehensive evaluation method for sealing ability of mudstone caprock to gas in each phase[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2008, 20(1): 21 -26 .
[6] MA Zhongliang, ZENG Jianhui, ZHANG Shanwen, WANG Yongshi,WANG Hongyu, LIU Huimin. Migration and accumulation mechanism of sand lens reservoirs and its main controlling factors[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2008, 20(1): 69 -74 .
[7] WANG Yingming. Analysis of the mess in sequence hierarchy applied in the industrialized application of the sequence stratigraphy[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2007, 19(1): 9 -15 .
[8] WEI Pingsheng, PAN Shuxin, WAN G Jiangong,LEI Ming. Study of the relationship between lithostratigraphic reservoirs and lakeshore line:An introduction on lakeshore line controlling oil /gas reservoirs in sag basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2007, 19(1): 27 -31 .
[9] YI Dinghong, SHI Lanting, JIA Yirong. Sequence stratigraphy and subtle reservoir of Aershan Formation in Baorao Trough of Jiergalangtu Sag[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2007, 19(1): 68 -72 .
[10] YANG Zhanlong, PENG Licai, CHEN Qilin, GUO Jingyi,LI Zaiguang, HUANG Yunfeng. Petroleum accumulation condition analysis and lithologic reservoir exploration in Shengbei Depression of Turpan-harmy Basin[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2007, 19(1): 62 -67 .
TRENDMD:

Copyright © 2018 Lithologic Reservoirs

Support by Beijing Magtech support@magtech.com.cn