岩性油气藏 ›› 2025, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (6): 131–139.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20250612

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

川西北剑阁地区志留系生物礁地震异常体的发现及油气地质意义

杨柳, 朱亚东, 梁虹, 刁永波, 彭忻, 司国帅, 徐姣, 孙庆莉   

  1. 中国石油东方地球物理公司 西南物探研究院, 成都 610213
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-14 修回日期:2025-04-12 出版日期:2025-11-01 发布日期:2025-11-07
  • 第一作者:杨柳（1987—），男，高级工程师，主要从事地震地质资料综合解释方面的工作。地址：（610213）四川省成都市双流区华阳大道一段216号。Email：359763818@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“西南油气田天然气上产 300 亿立方米关键技术研究与应用”（编号：2016E-06）资助。

Discovery of seismic anomalies in Silurian reefs in Jiange area of northwestern Sichuan Basin and their geological significance for oil and gas

YANG Liu, ZHU Yadong, LIANG Hong, DIAO Yongbo, PENG Xin, SI Guoshuai, XU Jiao, SUN Qingli   

  1. Southwest Geophysical Research Institute, BGP, CNPC, Chengdu 610213, China
  • Received:2025-03-14 Revised:2025-04-12 Online:2025-11-01 Published:2025-11-07

PDF (PC)

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摘要： 通过对川西北地区多块高品质三维地震资料的解析，在志留系底部发现了生物礁地震反射异常体。结合区域井-震标定及地震地质统层、曲率地震属性提取、古地貌刻画等，对该异常体特征及分布、沉积背景进行了探讨。研究结果表明：①川西北剑阁地区志留系生物礁异常体在地震剖面上具有生物礁丘状几何外形，归属石牛栏组，在剑阁地区广泛分布，大小不一。②研究区志留系生物礁下伏地层中发育众多近南北—北西方向的基底断裂，多断至震旦系—寒武系，沟通了筇竹寺组、陡山沱组及龙马溪组烃源岩。筇竹寺组、龙马溪组烃源岩与志留系生物礁储层构成了“下生上储、旁生侧储”的油气成藏模式，礁群主要发育于加里东晚期乐山—龙女寺古隆起北部的围斜区。石牛栏组沉积期，该围斜区靠近古隆起物源区为混积潮坪相沉积，陆源碎屑较多，生物礁规模较小且后期剥蚀严重、残存少；围斜区中部为潮坪边缘/碳酸盐岩缓坡沉积，生物礁规模大且多形成复合体；围斜区低部位为浅水陆棚沉积，异常体规模较小、点礁为主。③剑阁地区紧邻德阳—安岳裂陷槽，是四川盆地筇竹寺组优质烃源岩发育中心，且石牛栏组生物礁储层与下伏龙马溪组烃源岩直接接触，广泛发育的基底断裂及其伴生断裂利于油气输导，上覆梁山组泥页岩为优质盖层，成藏条件优越。

关键词: 生物礁, 地震属性, 碳酸盐岩缓坡, 基底断裂, 石牛栏组, 志留系, 剑阁地区, 川西北

Abstract: Through the analysis of high-quality 3D seismic data of multiple blocks from northwestern Sichuan Basin, seismic reflection anomalous bodies of organic reefs were discovered at the bottom of Silurian. Combided with regional well-seismic calibration, seismic geological stratigraphy, curvature seismic attribute extraction, and paleogeomorphology characterization, the characteristics, distribution and sedimentary background of these anomalies were discussed. The results show that: (1) The Silurian reef anomalies in Jiange area of northwestern Sichuan Basin have a geometric shape resembling a reef mound on seismic profiles, belonging to Shiniulan Formation. They are widely distributed across Jiange area in varing size. (2) There are numerous near NS-NW direction basement faults developed in the underlying strata of Silurian organic reefs in the study area, mostly extending to Sinian-Cambrian, connecting the source rocks of Qiongzhusi Formation, Doushantuo Formation, and Longmaxi Formation. Source rocks of Qiongzhusi Formation and Longmaxi Formation, along with Silurian organic reef reservoirs, constitute a"lower-generation and upper-storage, lateral-source and side-storage"oil and gas accumulation model. The reef group mainly developed in northern part of Late Caledonian LeshanLongnvsi paleo-uplift in the enclosed slope area. During the sedimentary period of Shiniulan Formation, the enclosed area near the paleo-uplift source area was a mixed tidal flat deposit, with a large amount of terrigenous clastic, organic reefs are small scale, with severe erosion in the later stage, and few remnants. The central part of the enclosed slope area is a tidal flat edge/carbonate gentle slope deposit, reefs are large scale and often formed composite. The lower part of the enclosed slope area is composed of shallow water continental shelf sediments, with small scale anomalous bodies and mainly point reefs. (3) Jiange area is adjacent to Deyang-Anyue rift trough, and is the center of high-quality source rocks in Qiongzhusi Formation of Sichuan Basin. The organic reef reservoir of Shiniulan Formation is in direct contact with underlying Longmaxi Formation source rocks. The widely developed basement faults and associated faults in this area are conducive to oil and gas transportation. The overlying Liangshan Formation shale is a high-quality cap rock with superior reservoir conditions.

Key words: organic reef, seismic attribute, carbonate gentle slope, basement fault, Shiniulan Formation, Silurian, Jiange area, northwestern Sichuan Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE122
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