岩性油气藏 ›› 2024, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 167–177.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20240516

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷东部深层二叠系超压形成机制及演化特征

魏成林1,2, 张凤奇1,2, 江青春3, 鲁雪松3, 刘刚3, 卫延召3, 李树博4, 蒋文龙4   

  1. 1. 西安石油大学 地球科学与工程学院, 西安 710065;
    2. 西安石油大学 陕西省油气成藏地质学重点实验室, 西安 710065;
    3. 中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083;
    4. 中国石油新疆油田公司勘探开发研究院, 新疆 克拉玛依 834000
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-14 修回日期:2023-08-05 出版日期:2024-09-01 发布日期:2024-09-04
  • 第一作者:魏成林（1999—），男，西安石油大学在读硕士研究生，主要研究方向为非常规油气地质学、油气成藏地质学。地址：（710065）陕西省西安市电子二路东段18号。Email：2788387330@qq.com。
  • 通信作者: 张凤奇（1981—），男，博士，教授，主要从事油气形成机制与油气成藏动力学研究与教学工作。Email：zhangfq@xsyu.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“压力—应力耦合对前陆冲断带深层—超深层碎屑岩储层异常高原生孔隙的保存机制研究”（编号：42172164）与中国石油前瞻性基础性科技攻关项目“深层超深层油气成藏过程与油气分布规律研究”（编号：2021DJ0203）联合资助。

Formation mechanism and evolution characteristics of overpressure in deep Permian in eastern Fukang Sag，Junggar Basin

WEI Chenglin1,2, ZHANG Fengqi1,2, JIANG Qingchun3, LU Xuesong3, LIU Gang3, WEI Yanzhao3, LI Shubo4, JIANG Wenlong4   

  1. 1. School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China;
    2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Geology, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, China;
    3. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China;
    4. Research institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay 834000, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2023-06-14 Revised:2023-08-05 Online:2024-09-01 Published:2024-09-04

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摘要： 利用钻井、录井、测井以及实测地层压力等资料，采用考虑多种超压机制的盆地模拟技术，综合判识了准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷东部二叠系地层超压的成因机制，定量恢复了各成因类型的超压演化特征。研究结果表明：①准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷东部二叠系发育弱超压—强超压，地层压力系数为1.36～1.88，过剩压力为12～49 MPa，不同构造部位发育的超压存在明显差异。凹陷区超压最强，地层压力系数为1.50～1.88，过剩压力为23～49 MPa；斜坡带次之，地层压力系数为1.52～1.79，过剩压力为24～37 MPa；凸起区相对最弱，地层压力系数为1.36～1.59，过剩压力为12～23 MPa。②研究区不同岩性的地层超压成因不同，芦草沟组烃源岩超压成因为生烃和欠压实作用；上乌尔禾组储层超压成因为超压传递和欠压实作用；上乌尔禾组泥岩盖层超压成因为欠压实作用。③研究区芦草沟组烃源岩和上乌尔禾组泥岩盖层的超压具有持续增大的特征，芦草沟组烃源岩生烃增压贡献率沿凸起区、斜坡带至凹陷区逐步增大，上乌尔禾组泥岩盖层欠压实增压量也具有相同变化趋势；上乌尔禾组储层超压经历了晚三叠世至晚侏罗世缓慢增大、晚侏罗世末期至早白垩世快速增大、早白垩世末期至现今缓慢增大3个阶段，其中超压传递增压对现今储层超压的贡献率为58.46%～78.86%。

关键词: 地层超压, 生烃增压, 欠压实超压, 超压传递, 上乌尔禾组, 芦草沟组, 二叠系, 阜康凹陷, 准噶尔盆地

Abstract: Based on the data of drilling，mud-logging，wire-logging，and measured formation pressure，the basin simulation technology considering multiple overpressure mechanisms was applied to identify the overpressure origins of Permian in the eastern Fukang Sag of Junggar Basin，and the evolution characteristics of overpressure of various origins were quantitatively restored. The results show that：（1）The Permian in the eastern Fukang Sag develops weak to strong overpressure，the formation pressure coefficient ranges from 1.36 to 1.88，and the excess pressure ranges from 12 to 49 MPa. The overpressure developed in different structural parts is obviously different. The overpressure in the sag is the highest，with formation pressure coefficient of 1.50-1.88 and excess pressure of 23-49 MPa，followed by slope zone，with a formation pressure coefficient of 1.52-1.79 and excess pressure of 24-37 MPa. It is relatively weakest in the uplift，with formation pressure coefficient ranging from 1.36 to 1.59 and excess pressure ranging from 12 to 23 MPa.（2）The origins of overpressure in the strata with different lithologies in the study area are different. The overpressure in the source rocks of Lucaogou Formation is caused by hydrocarbon generation and undercompaction，it is caused by overpressure transference and undercompaction in the reservoirs of the Upper Urho Formation，while it is caused by undercompaction in the mudstone cap rocks of the Upper Urho Formation.（3）The overpressure in the source rocks of the Lucaogou Formation and the mudstone cap rocks of the Upper Urho Formation in the study area has a continuous increasing characteristic. The contribution rate of hydrocarbon generation and pressure increase of the source rocks of the Lucaogou Formation gradually increases along the uplift，slope zone to the sag. The undercompacted pressure increase of the mudstone cap rocks of the Upper Urho Formation also shows the same changing trend. The overpressure in the reservoirs of Upper Urho Formation slowly increased from the Late Triassic to the Late Jurassic， then rapidly increased from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous，and slowly increased from the Late Cretaceous to present. The contribution rate of the pressurization of overpressure transference to the current reservoir overpressure ranges from 58.46% to 78.86%.

Key words: formation overpressure, hydrocarbon generation pressurization, overpressure caused by undercompaction, overpressure transference, Upper Urho Formation, Lucaogou Formation, Permain, Fukang Sag, Junggar Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.2
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