岩性油气藏 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 1–11.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20260301

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木盆地北部奥陶系穹隆构造发育特征及油气勘探潜力

云露1(), 曹自成1, 李海英1, 耿锋2, 刘永立2(), 魏华动2, 黄诚2, 张笛2   

  1. 1 中国石化西北油田分公司乌鲁木齐 830011
    2 中国石化西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-20 修回日期:2025-11-04 出版日期:2026-05-01 发布日期:2025-12-29
  • 第一作者:云露(1972—),男,博士,教授级高级工程师,主要从事石油地质综合研究方面的工作。地址:(830011)新疆乌鲁木齐市新市区长春南路466号西北石油科研生产园区。Email:yunl.xbsj@sinopec.com
  • 通信作者: 刘永立(1982—),男,博士,副研究员,主要从事碳酸盐岩沉积与储层研究方面的工作。Email:liuyongli526@126.com。
  • 基金资助:
    新型油气勘探开发国家科技重点专项课题“超深—特深层碳酸盐岩油气藏富集机理与高效勘探关键技术研究”(2025ZD-1402301);西北油田分公司重点科研项目“塔河东南斜坡重点区油气富集规律再认识”(KJ202506)

Development characteristics and hydrocarbon exploration potential of Ordovician dome structures in northern Tarim Basin

YUN Lu1(), CAO Zicheng1, LI Haiying1, GENG Feng2, LIU Yongli2(), WEI Huadong2, HUANG Cheng2, ZHANG Di2   

  1. 1 Northwest Oilfield CompanySinopecUrumqi 830011, China
    2 Research Institute of Exploration and DevelopmentNorthwest Oilfield Company, SinopecUrumqi 830011, China
  • Received:2025-09-20 Revised:2025-11-04 Online:2026-05-01 Published:2025-12-29

摘要:

塔里木盆地顺北—塔河地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩层系中广泛发育穹隆构造,多口钻井已获得高产工业油气流,显示出良好的资源潜力。基于高精度三维地震、测井及岩心分析测试资料,以顺北H1井周缘及阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡带150个穹隆构造为例,系统开展了穹隆构造的几何特征、成因机制和储层特征分析。研究结果表明:①塔里木盆地北部奥陶系穹隆构造平面上呈同心环状,可划分为R型、T型、收缩型和复合型4类,剖面上呈“下窄上宽”的火炬状。②穹隆构造主体形成于加里东中期Ⅰ—Ⅱ幕,是区域剪切应力场与岩性差异共同作用的结果,为“剪切应力诱导-层间滑移-局部隆升”成因机制。③穹隆构造储层为“缝-腔、孔洞”复合型储集体,具备“断裂通源、垂向运聚、围岩封挡、独立成藏”的优势条件,且资源规模大,是深层—超深层油气勘探的重要新领域。

关键词: 穹隆构造, 碳酸盐岩, 剪切应力, 通源断裂, 多层立体成藏, 奥陶系, 顺北—塔河地区, 塔里木盆地

Abstract:

Ordovician carbonate strata of Shunbei-Tahe area of Tarim Basin widely develop dome structures, several wells have obtained high-yield industrial oil and gas flows, which shows good resource potential. Based on data of high-precision 3D seismic, well logging, and core testing analysis, taking 150 dome structures from the periphery of well H1 and the southeastern slope zone of Akekule uplift in Shunbei area as examples, the geometric characteristics, genesis mechanisms, and reservoir features of dome structures were systematically analyzed. The results show that:(1) Ordovician dome structures in northern Tarim Basin are concentric-ring-shaped in plan view, which can be classified into four types:R-type, T-type, contraction-type, and composite-type. In cross-section, they exhibit a torch-like shape of “narrow at the bottom and wide at the top”. (2) The main body of dome structures formed during Middle Caledonian episode Ⅰ-Ⅱ, as a result of the combined effects of regional shear stress field and lithological differences, and is a genesis mechanism of “shear stress induction-interlayer slip-local uplift”. (3) The dome structure reservoir is a “fracture-cavity and pore-cavity” composite reservoir system, cha-racterized by the advantages of “faults connecting to the source, vertical migration and accumulation, surrounding rock sealing, and independent hydrocarbon accumulation”, with large resource scale. It is a significant new frontier for deep to ultra deep petroleum exploration.

Key words: dome structure, carbonate rock, shear stress, source-connecting fault, multi-layered 3D hydrocarbon accumulation, Ordovician, Shunbei-Tahe area, Tarim Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE122

图1

塔里木盆地北部加里东中期断裂体系叠合穹隆构造分布(a)及奥陶系—寒武系岩性地层综合柱状图(b)"

图2

塔里木盆地北部阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡奥陶系中统底界面(T76)相干属性叠合穹隆构造分布图 (a) 东南斜坡地区断裂系统图;(b) 穹隆构造长轴对应的应变椭圆分析图;(c) R型、T型、收缩型和复合型4种穹隆构造数量分布饼状图。"

图3

塔里木盆地北部阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡带穹隆构造十字形地震剖面图(剖面位置见图2a) (a) R型近东西向剖面;(b) R型近南北向剖面;(c) T型近东西向剖面;(d) T型近南北向剖面;(e) 收缩型北西—南东向剖面;(f) 收缩型北东—南西向剖面;(g) 复合型东西向剖面;(h) 复合型南北向剖面。"

图4

塔里木盆地北部阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡带穹隆构造一间房组顶界(T74)隆起幅度与长短轴直径比的关系"

图5

塔里木盆地北部阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡带穹隆构造一间房组顶界(T74)隆起幅度与穹隆面积的关系"

图6

塔里木盆地顺北地区H1井岩性综合柱状图(a),鹰山组下段7 850~7 853 m井段成像测井图(b)及蓬莱坝组8 302~8 306 m井段成像测井图(c)"

图7

塔里木盆地顺北地区H1井奥陶系蓬莱坝组岩心照片"

图8

塔里木盆地北部阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡带穹隆构造地层厚度与层拉平特征(以图3g复合型穹隆剖面为例)"

图9

塔里木盆地北部阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡带穹隆构造成因机制理论模型"

图10

塔里木盆地北部穹隆构造储层发育模式"

表1

塔里木盆地顺北地区穹隆构造钻井漏失情况和产能"

井名 漏失失返位置 漏失量/m3 产能/(t·d-1
H1 T76 界面之下 70 m
T78 界面之下 82 m
293
40
33
H2 T76 界面之下 88 m 2 749 50
H3 T76 界面附近 2 193 110
H4 溢流,T76 界面附近 1 45

图11

塔里木盆地北部阿克库勒凸起东南斜坡带奥陶系穹隆构造波阻抗反演地震剖面"

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