油环型凝析气藏多轮次注采过程中相态变化模拟实验

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20260316

岩性油气藏 ›› 2026, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (3): 182–189.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20260316

• 石油工程与油气田开发 • 上一篇下一篇

油环型凝析气藏多轮次注采过程中相态变化模拟实验

张晓燕¹(), 刘思宏¹, 曹青赟¹, 雷甜¹, 王玥¹, 唐蕾¹, 谢雨芯¹, 闫健²

¹ 中国石油长庆油田分公司第二采气厂，陕西榆林 719000
² 西安石油大学石油工程学院，西安 710065

收稿日期:2025-10-06 修回日期:2025-11-15 出版日期:2026-05-01 发布日期:2026-01-22
第一作者:张晓燕（1982—），女，高级工程师，主要从事非常规气藏开发评价等方面的研究工作。地址：（710200）陕西省西安市高陵区崇皇街道长庆产业园。Email:yanjiangxasy@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“致密砂岩油藏CO₂吞吐多尺度流、固物性变化机理及对吞吐效果的影响”(52174031)

Simulation experiment on phase behavior variation in multi-cycle injection and production of oil-ring type condensate gas reservoirs

ZHANG Xiaoyan¹(), LIU Sihong¹, CAO Qingbin¹, LEI Tian¹, WANG Yue¹, TANG Lei¹, XIE Yuxin¹, YAN Jian²

¹ No. 2 Gas Production Plant, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, Yulin 719000, Shaanxi, China
² College of Petroleum Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China

Received:2025-10-06 Revised:2025-11-15 Online:2026-05-01 Published:2026-01-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于常规PVT相态测试原理，采用高温高压地层流体相态仪模拟油环型凝析气藏，开展定容衰竭实验和多轮次注采实验，分别对顶部凝析气与底部油环进行多次取样，分析了二者在衰竭开采和多轮次注采过程中相态变化特征及其对采收率的影响。研究结果表明：①油环型凝析气藏自然衰竭后，油环饱和度由3.4%增大至13.2%，油环的存在导致更多凝析油滞留在储层中，自然衰竭开采的采收率仅为24.3%。②经过5轮循环注采后，凝析油的采收率提高了25.3%，底部油环饱和度由13.2%降至2.9%，前2轮注采效果明显，注入气能有效抽提和蒸发底部油环，使其变为气相，主要抽提油环中C₃—C₁₀的中间烃类。③随着注采轮次的增加，顶部凝析气与注入气组分趋于一致，其相图不断向左下方收缩，与油环组分差异不断增大，导致注入气对油环的蒸发作用减弱，而油环溶解气体的能力也逐渐降低。

关键词: 油环型凝析气藏, 凝析油, 采收率, 相态模拟实验, 注气注采, 自然衰竭开采

Abstract:

Based on the principle of conventional PVT phase behavior testing, a high-temperature and high-pressure formation fluid phase behavior apparatus was used to simulate the oil-ring type condensate gas reservoir. Take multiple samples from the top condensate gas and the bottom oil-ring by conducting constant-volume depletion experiments and multi-cycle injection and production experiments, and analyses were carried out on their phase behavior changes during depletion and multi-cycle injection and production process, as well as their impact on recovery rate. The results show that: （1） After natural depletion of the oil-ring type condensate gas reservoir, the oil-ring saturation increased from 3.4% to 13.2%. The presence of the oil-ring results in more condensate oil remaining in the reservoir, and the condensate oil recovery rate under natural depletion is only 24.3%. (2) After 5 cycles injection and production, the recovery rate of condensate oil increased by 25.3%, and the saturation of the bottom oil-ring decreased from 13.2% to 2.9%. The first 2 cycles of injection and production showed significant effects, and the injected gas could effectively extract and vaporize the bottom oil-ring into gas phase, mainly extracting the intermediate hydrocarbons of C₃-C₁₀ in the oil-ring. （3） With the number of injection and production cycles increases, the composition of the top condensate gas and the injected gas tends to be consistent, and their phase diagrams continuously shrink to the lower left, resulting in an increasing difference from the oil-ring composition. That weakens the evaporation effect of the injected gas on the oil-ring, and the ability of the oil-ring to dissolve gas gradually decreases.

Key words: oil-ring type condensate gas reservoir, condensate oil, recovery rate, phase simulation experiment, gas injection and production, natural depletion development

中图分类号:

TE319

张晓燕, 刘思宏, 曹青赟, 雷甜, 王玥, 唐蕾, 谢雨芯, 闫健. 油环型凝析气藏多轮次注采过程中相态变化模拟实验[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2026, 38(3): 182–189.

ZHANG Xiaoyan, LIU Sihong, CAO Qingbin, LEI Tian, WANG Yue, TANG Lei, XIE Yuxin, YAN Jian. Simulation experiment on phase behavior variation in multi-cycle injection and production of oil-ring type condensate gas reservoirs[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2026, 38(3): 182–189.

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组分	x（凝析油组分）	x（油环组分）	x（产出天然气组分）	x（复配凝析气组分）
CO₂	—	0.02	0.08	0.09
N₂	—	0.11	0.36	0.71
C₁	—	42.23	89.09	72.63
C₂	—	2.27	6.86	11.25
C₃	0.48	0.51	2.31	5.62
iC₄	0.67	0.15	0.56	0.87
nC₄	3.19	0.21	0.47	1.32
iC₅	4.61	0.21	0.19	0.67
nC₅	8.36	0.30	0.08	0.82
C₆	15.95	2.17	—	0.27
C₇	15.94	5.46	—	0.36
C₈	13.38	8.32	—	0.30
C₉	10.06	8.11	—	0.11
C₁₀	7.59	6.56	—	0.13
C₁₁₊	19.79	23.39	—	4.85

参数	底部油环		顶部凝析气
参数	CVD前	CVD后	CVD前	CVD后
GOR/（m³·m^-3）	195	74	2 284	21 105
饱和压力/MPa	25.7	5.0	25.7	5.0
密度/（g·cm^-3）	0.708	0.714	0.402	0.234
黏度/（mPa·s）	3.8	4.3	—	—
分子量/（g·mol^-1）	94.6	116.5	34.7	26.1

注气轮次	GOR/ （m³·m^-3）	饱和压力/MPa	密度/ （g·cm^-3）	分子量/ （g·mol^-1）
原始状态（CVD前）	2 284	25.7	0.402	34.7
第1轮注气后	3 073	24.1	0.384	32.2
第2轮注气后	4 308	23.2	0.366	30.5
第3轮注气后	6 825	21.9	0.334	27.3
第4轮注气后	9 717	18.5	0.297	26.6
第5轮注气后	13 882	14.4	0.265	24.8

采气轮次	GOR/ （m³·m^-3）	泡点压力/MPa	密度/ （g·cm^-3）	黏度/ （mPa·s）	分子量/ （g·mol^-1）	x（C₁）/%	x（C₂）/%	x（C₃—C₁₀）/%	x（C₁₁₊）/%
CVD后	74	5.0	0.713	3.9	146.5	12.38	1.83	33.96	51.40
第1轮采气后	72	5.0	0.745	5.9	169.2	12.41	2.09	13.00	72.06
第2轮采气后	68	5.0	0.791	8.6	207.5	12.17	2.11	4.11	81.17
第3轮采气后	65	5.0	0.824	12.5	253.1	12.09	2.23	1.19	84.13
第4轮采气后	61	5.0	0.857	15.2	282.2	11.81	2.04	0.43	85.34
第5轮采气后	59	5.0	0.865	16.1	303.4	11.63	1.82	0.31	86.02

油环型凝析气藏多轮次注采过程中相态变化模拟实验

Simulation experiment on phase behavior variation in multi-cycle injection and production of oil-ring type condensate gas reservoirs

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