碳酸盐岩油藏低矿化度水驱作用机理实验

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20200315

岩性油气藏 ›› 2020, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 159–165.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20200315

碳酸盐岩油藏低矿化度水驱作用机理实验

钱真¹, 李辉², 乔林³, 柏森¹

1. 中国石化西北油田分公司石油工程技术研究院, 乌鲁木齐 830011;
2. 长安大学地球科学与资源学院, 西安 710064;
3. 中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司采气一厂, 成都 610800

收稿日期:2019-09-25 修回日期:2020-02-06 出版日期:2020-05-21 发布日期:2020-04-30
作者简介:钱真(1985-),男,硕士,工程师,主要从事碳酸盐岩油藏提高采收率技术的研究工作。地址:(830011)新疆乌鲁木齐市新市区466号。Email:qianz.xbsj@sinopec.com。
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项“塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩油气田提高采收率关键技术示范工程”（编号：2016ZX05053-002）和陕西省重点研发计划“适用于高含水油藏深部调驱的半互穿聚合物网络（SIPN）新型弱凝胶技术”（编号：2018GY-101）联合资助

Experiment on the mechanism of low salinity waterflooding in carbonate reservoir

QIAN Zhen¹, LI Hui², QIAO Lin³, BAI Sen¹

1. Reserch Institute of Engineering Technology, SINOPEC Northwest Company, Urumqi 830011, China;
2. College of Earth Science and Resources, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China;
3. No.1 Gas Production Plant, SINOPEC Southwest Oil and Gas Company, Chengdu 610800, China

Received:2019-09-25 Revised:2020-02-06 Online:2020-05-21 Published:2020-04-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 碳酸盐岩油藏低矿化度水驱应用潜力巨大，为了更好地推广其矿场应用而针对性开展作用机理的实验研究。首先，岩心驱替实验研究注入水矿化度和关键离子组成对采收率的影响；而后，润湿角测定实验分析注入水矿化度和关键离子组成对碳酸盐岩表面润湿性的影响；最终，根据实验结果建立碳酸盐岩油藏低矿化度水驱作用机理。研究发现：低矿化度水驱能有效改变碳酸盐岩表面润湿性进而提高油藏采收率，存在最优矿化度使得碳酸盐岩表面润湿性变化最大、采收率最高；Mg²⁺和SO₄^2-对碳酸盐岩表面润湿性和原油采收率的影响效果不同；随着溶液中Mg²⁺浓度升高，碳酸盐岩表面润湿性变化不断增强、原油采收率不断升高；随着溶液中SO₄^2-浓度增加，碳酸盐岩表面润湿性变化先增强后减弱、原油采收率先增加后稳定。碳酸盐岩油藏低矿化度水驱作用机理在于润湿性的改变：①SO₄^2-吸附在正电性的碳酸盐岩矿物表面，中和表面电荷，促进了Mg²⁺向矿物表面运动；②Mg²⁺与碳酸盐岩矿物表面的Ca²⁺发生取代反应，造成原油组分的解离。

关键词: 碳酸盐岩油藏, 低矿化度水驱, 关键离子, 采收率, 润湿性, 作用机理

Abstract: Potential of low salinity waterflooding in carbonate reservoir is huge. To better promote its field application,experimental research on its mechanism was carried out. Firstly,core displacement experiment was conducted to study the influence of salinity and determining ions(PDIs) on oil recovery. Then,the influence of salinity and PDIs on wettability of carbonate rock was analyzed according to the contact angle experiments. Finally, the low salinity waterflooding mechanism of carbonate reservoir was established based on the experiment results. The results show that low salinity water can effectively change surface wettability,hence the oil recovery,and have optimum salinity to the highest oil recovery. The effects of Mg²⁺ and SO₄^2- on wettability and recovery are different. With the increase of Mg²⁺,the wettability alteration increases and the oil recovery enhances. With the increase of SO₄^2-,the wettability alteration increases first and then decreases,and the oil recovery increases first and then stabilizes. The mechanism of low salinity waterflooding in carbonate reservoirs is the wettability alteration which can be divided into two steps:(1) SO₄^2- adsorbed on the positive carbonate minerals surface,neutralizing surface charges,promoting the movement of Mg²⁺ to the minerals surface;(2) Mg²⁺ substituted Ca²⁺ of carbonate minerals surface,resulting in the dissociation of crude oil.

Key words: carbonate reservoirs, low salinity waterflooding, potential determining ions, recovery factor, surface wettability, reaction mechanism

中图分类号:

TE344

钱真, 李辉, 乔林, 柏森. 碳酸盐岩油藏低矿化度水驱作用机理实验[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2020, 32(3): 159–165.

QIAN Zhen, LI Hui, QIAO Lin, BAI Sen. Experiment on the mechanism of low salinity waterflooding in carbonate reservoir[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2020, 32(3): 159–165.

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碳酸盐岩油藏低矿化度水驱作用机理实验

Experiment on the mechanism of low salinity waterflooding in carbonate reservoir

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