岩性油气藏 ›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 111.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20190101
• 论坛与综述 • 下一篇
罗群1, 吴安彬1, 王井伶1, 罗家国1, 蒋恕2
LUO Qun1, WU Anbin1, WANG Jingling1, LUO Jiaguo1, JIANG Shu2
摘要: 与南方相比,中国北方页岩气的成藏条件更复杂,成因类型更多,成气特征差异更大,但目前对北方页岩气的成因分类比较粗糙混乱,成气模式不统一、不完整,还未明确其分布规律和勘探方向,在北方寻找页岩气,直接套用南方的找气思路行不通。采用广泛调研与典型解剖相结合的综合分析思路,制定了基于成因机制、母质类型、演化阶段的页岩气三级分类方案,以此为标准建立了实用完整的页岩气成因类型判别标准模板,明确了北方存在原生油型生物气、次生煤型生物气、高成熟-过成熟油型气等9种不同成因类型的页岩气;选取典型样品,通过归纳、对比、拟合、对接、组装,建立了一套统一实用的反映页岩演化成气规律的定量通用模式;梳理分析北方页岩气的分布规律,总结出在纵向上依据成熟度演化阶段分层,平面上依据演化程度分带的有序连续分布特征,提出了北方页岩气勘探采取"分类勘探,分步实施,各个击破"原则,以煤型页岩气和生物页岩气为主要勘探领域,首先考虑中生界煤系地层的成熟、高成熟-过成熟煤型页岩气和湖相有机泥页岩的次生油型生物页岩气为重点勘探对象,其次,对新生界煤系地层和湖相有机泥页岩以寻找次生生物页岩气和原生生物页岩气为主要目标。该研究成果对北方页岩气勘探开发具有指导作用。
中图分类号:
[1] 张金川,金之钧,袁明生. 页岩气成藏机理和分布. 天然气工业,2004,24(7):15-18. ZHANG J C,JIN Z J,YUAN M S. Reservoiring mechanism of shale gas and its distribution. Natural Gas Industry,2004,24(7):15-18. [2] 刘成林,葛岩,范柏江,等.页岩气成藏模式研究. 油气地质与采收率,2010,17(5):1-5. LIU C L,GE Y,FAN B J,et al. Study on shale gas accumulation mode. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2010, 17(5):1-5. [3] 聂海宽,唐玄,边瑞康.页岩气成藏控制因素及中国南方页岩气发育有利区预测.石油学报,2009,30(4):484-491. NIE H K,TANG X,BIAN R K. Controlling factors for shale gas accumulation and prediction of potential development area in shale gas reservoir of South China. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2009,30(4):484-491. [4] 李登华,李建忠,王社教,等.页岩气藏形成条件分析. 天然气工业,2009,29(5):22-26. LI D H,LI J Z,WANG S J,et al. Analysis of controls on gas shale reservoirs. Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(5):22-26. [5] 张金川,徐波,聂海宽,等. 中国页岩气资源勘探潜力. 天然气工业,2008,28(6):136-140. ZHANG J C,XU B,NIE H K,et al. Exploration potential of shale gas resources in China. Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(6):136-140. [6] 刘洪林,王红岩,刘人和,等.中国页岩气资源及其勘探潜力分析. 地质学报,2010,84(9):1374-1378. LIU H L,WANG H Y,LIU R H,et al. Analysis of controls on gas shale reservoirs. Acta Geologica Sinica,2010,84(9):1374-1378. [7] 潘仁芳,黄晓松. 页岩气及国内勘探前景展望. 中国石油勘探,2009,14(3):1-5. PAN R F,HUANG X S. Shale gas and its exploration prospects in China. China Petroleum Exploration,2009,14(3):1-5. [8] 李建忠,李登华,董大忠,等. 中美页岩气成藏条件、分布特征差异研究与启示. 中国工程科学,2012,14(6):56-63. LI J Z,LI D H,DONG D Z,et al. Comparison and enlightenment on formation condition and distribution characteristics of shale gas between China and U. S. Engineering Sciences,2012, 14(6):56-63. [9] 张金川,姜生玲,唐玄,等. 我国页岩气富集类型及资源特点. 天然气工业,2009,29(12):109-114. ZHANG J C,JIANG S L,TANG X,et al. Accumulation types and resources characteristics of shale gas in China. Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(12):109-114. [10] 李世臻,乔德武,冯志刚,等. 世界页岩气勘探开发现状及对中国的启示. 地质通报,2010,29(6):918-924. LI S Z,QIAO D W,FENG Z G,et al. The status of worldwide shale gas exploration and its suggestion for China. Geological Bulletin of China,2010,29(6):918-924. [11] 陈更生,董大忠,王世谦,等.页岩气藏形成机理与富集规律初探. 天然气工业,2009,29(5):17-21. CHEN G S,DONG D Z,WANG S Q,et al. A preliminary study on accumulation mechanism and enrichment pattern of shale gas. Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(5):17-21. [12] 李先奇,张水昌,朱光有,等. 中国生物成因气的类型划分与研究方向.天然气地球科学,2005,16(4):477-484. LI X Q,ZHANG S C,ZHU G Y,et al. Types and research direction of biogenic gas in China. Natural Gas Geoscience,2005, 16(4):477-484. [13] 高健,林良彪,任天龙,等.川北地区下侏罗统东岳庙段页岩气富集主控因素研究. 岩性油气藏,2016,28(5):67-75. GAO J,LIN L B,REN T L,et al. Controlling factors for shale gas enrichment of the Lower Jurassic Dongyuemiao member in the northern Sichuan Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs,2016,28(5):67-75. [14] SHURR G W,RIDGLEY J L. Unconventional shallow biogenic gas systems. AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(11):1939-1969. [15] MARTINI A M,WALTER L M,KU T C W,et al. Microbial production and modification of gases in sedimentary basins:a geochemical case study from a Devonian shale gas play,Michigan basin. AAPG Bulletin,2003,87(8):1355-1375. [16] JARVIE D M,HILL R J,RUBLE T E,et al. Unconventional shale-gas systems:the Mississippian Barnett Shale of north-central Texas as one model for thermogenic shale-gas assessment. AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):475-499. [17] CURTIS J B. Fractured shale-gas systems. AAPG Bulletin, 2002,86(11):1921-1938. [18] NIELSEN L H,MATHIESEN A,BIDSTRUP T,et al. Modelling of hydrocarbon generation in the Cenozoic Song Hong Basin, Vietnam:a highly prospective basin. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,1999,17(1/2):269-294. [19] PEPPER A S,DODD T A. Simple kinetic models of petroleum formation. Part Ⅱ:Oil-gas cracking. Marine & Petroleum Geology,1995,12(3):321-340. [20] SWEENEY J,BRAUN R L,BURNHAM A K. Chemical kinetic model of hydrocarbon generation,expulsion,and destruction applied to the Maracaibo Basin,Venezuela. AAPG Bulletin, 1995,79(10):1515-1532. [21] BRAUN R L,URNHAM A K. Mathematical model of oil generation,degradation,and expulsion. Energy & Fuels,1990,4(2):132-146. [22] PEPPER A S,CORVI P J. Simple kinetic models of petroleum formation. Part Ⅰ:Oil and gas generation from kerogen. Marine & Petroleum Geology,1995,12(3):291-319. [23] HILL R J,ZHANG E,KATZ B J,et al. Modeling of gas generation from the Barnett Shale,Fort Worth Basin,Texas. AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):501-521. [24] 张义纲.多种天然气资源的勘探.石油实验地质,1982,4(2):15-18. ZHANG Y G. Exploration of various natural gas resources. Petroleum Geology & Experiment,1982,4(2):15-18. [25] 宋岩. 美国天然气分布特点及非常规天然气的勘探. 天然气地球科学,1990,1(1):14-16. SONG Y. Distribution characteristics of natural gas in the United States and exploration of unconventional natural gas. Natural Gas Industry,1990,1(1):14-16. [26] 帅燕华,张水昌,苏爱国,等. 生物成因天然气勘探前景初步分析. 天然气工业,2006,26(8):1-4. SHUAI Y H,ZHANG S C,SU A G,et al. Preliminary analysis of exploration potential of biogenetic gas. Natural Gas Industry, 2006,26(8):1-4. [27] 赵群,杜东,王红岩,等.不同成因类型页岩气藏特征分析. 中外能源,2012,17(11):43-47. ZHAO Q,DU D,WANG H Y,et al. The characteristic analysis of the different types of shale gas reservoir. Sino-Global Energy, 2012,17(11):43-47. [28] 李茗,吴洁.美国密歇根盆地安特里姆页岩气区带成藏特征. 新疆石油地质,2014,35(4):491-494. LI M,WU J. The reservoir characteristics of Antrim shale gas play in Michigan Basin,USA. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2014,35(4):491-494. [29] 蒲泊伶,包书景,王毅,等.页岩气成藏条件分析:以美国页岩气盆地为例. 石油地质与工程,2008,22(3):33-36. PU B L,BAO S J,WANG Y,et al. Analysis of shale gas accumulation conditions:a case study of shale gas basins in the United States. Petroleum Geology and Engineering,2008,22(3):33-36. [30] 汤庆艳,张铭杰,余明,等. 页岩气形成机制的生烃热模拟研究. 煤炭学报,2013,38(5):742-747. TANG Q Y,ZHANG M J,YU M,et al. Pyrolysis constraints on the generation mechanism of shale gas. Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(5):742-747. [31] 陈建平,孙永革,钟宁宁,等. 地质条件下湖相烃源岩生排烃效率与模式. 地质学报,2014,88(11):2005-2032. CHEN J P,SUN Y G,ZHONG N N,et al. The efficiency and model of petroleum expulsion from the lacustrine source rocks within geological frame. Acta Geologica Sinica,2014,88(11):2005-2032. [32] 秦建中,申宝剑,腾格尔,等.不同类型优质烃源岩生排油气模式. 石油实验地质,2013,35(2):179-186. QIN J Z,SHEN B J,TENG G E,et al. Hydrocarbon generation and expulsion pattern of different types of excellent source rocks. Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2013,35(2):179-186. [33] 闫存章,黄玉珍,葛春梅,等. 页岩气是潜力巨大的非常规天然气资源. 天然气工业,2009,29(5):1-6. YAN C Z,HUANG Y Z,GE C M,et al. Shale gas:Enormous potential of unconventional natural gas resources. Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(5):1-6. [34] 高胜利,高潮. 鄂尔多斯盆地南部中生界陆相页岩气地质特征. 石油勘探与开发,2014,41(3):294-304. GAO S L,GAO C. Geological features of Mesozoic continental shale gas in south of Ordos Basin,NW China. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(3):294-304. [35] 赵若彤. 柴东三湖地区第四系生物页岩气赋存特征及富集条件研究. 北京:中国石油大学(北京),2015. ZHAO R T. Occurrence characteristics and enrichment conditions of Quaternary biological shale gas in the three lakes area, eastern Qaidam Basin. Beijing:China University of Petroleum (Beijing),2015. [36] 高阳. 阳信洼陷沙一段生物成因页岩气成藏条件. 特种油气藏,2013,20(5):46-50. GAO Y. Reservoir forming conditions of biogenic shale gas in the first member of Shahejie Formation in Yangxin Depression. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2013,20(5):46-50. [37] 左丽伟. 济阳坳陷生物成因页岩气藏形成条件探析:以惠民凹陷阳信洼陷为例. 中国矿业,2014,23(5):71-76. ZUO L W. Analysis of biogenic shale gas reservoir forming conditions in Jiyang Depression:a case study from Yangxin subsag,Huimin Sag. China Mining Magazine,2014,23(5):71-76. [38] 罗志立,李景明,刘树根,等.中国板块构造和含油气盆地分析.北京:石油工业出版社,2005:10-45. LUO Z L,LI J M,LIU S G,et al. Analysis of plate tectonics and petroliferous basins in China. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2005:10-45 [39] 李德生. 中国含油气盆地的构造类型.石油学报,1982,3(3):5-16. LI D S. Structural types of petroliferous basins in China. Acta Petrolei Sinica,1982,3(3):5-16. [40] 陈发景,汪新文. 中国中、新生代含油气盆地成因类型、构造体系及地球动力学模式. 现代地质,1997,11(4):411-424. CHEN F J,WANG X W. Genetic types,tectonic systems and geodynamic models of Mesozoic and Cenozoic oil-and gasbearing basins in China. Geoscience,1997,11(4):411-424. [41] 何登发,李德生,吕修祥. 中国西北地区含油气盆地构造类型. 石油学报,1996,17(4):8-17. HE D F,LI D S,LYU X X. Tectonic types of petroliferous basins in NW china. Acta Petrolei Sinica,1996,17(4):8-17. [42] 张水昌,张宝民. 中-上奥陶统:塔里木盆地的主要油源层. 海相油气地质,2000,5(1):16-22. ZHANG S C,ZHAGN B M. Middle Upper Ordovician:Main oil source beds in Tarim Basin. Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2000,5(1):16-22. [43] 赵靖舟.塔里木盆地石油地质基本特征. 西安石油大学学报(自然科学版),1997,12(2):8-15. ZHAO J Z. Petroleum geologic features of Tarim Basin. Journal of Xi'an Petroleum Institute,1997,12(2):8-15. [44] 樊庆真,王守珍. 塔里木盆地轮南地区中生界油藏油源分析. 油气地质与采收率,2001,8(4):15-17. FAN Q Z,WANG S Z. Oil sources analyses of Mesozoic group reservoirs in Lunnan area of the Tarim Basin. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2001,8(4):15-17. [45] 徐永昌,王志勇,王晓锋,等.低熟气及我国典型低熟气田. 中国科学:D辑地球科学,2008,38(1):87-93. XU Y C,WANG Z Y,WANG X F,et al. Low mature gas and typical low mature gas fields in China. Science in China:Series D Earth Sciences,2008,38(1):87-93. [46] 徐永昌,沈平,刘文汇,等. 一种新的天然气成因类型:生物-热催化过渡带气. 中国科学化学:中国科学,1990,20(9):975-980. XU Y C,SHEN P,LIU W H,et al. A new natural gas genetic type:Bio-thermal catalytic transitional zone gas. Scientia Sinica Chimica,1990,20(9):975-980. [47] 李景明,王勃,王红岩,等. 煤层气藏成藏过程研究. 天然气工业,2006,26(9):37-39. LI J M,WANG B,WANG H Y,et al. Research on CBM reservoiring process. Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(9):37-39. [48] 王勃,姜波,王红岩,等.低煤阶煤层气藏水文地质条件的物理模拟. 煤炭学报,2007,32(3):258-260. WANG B,JIANG B,WANG H Y,et al. Hydro-geological condition physical simulation of the low rank coalbed methane reservoir formation. Journal of China Coal Society,2007,32(3):258-260. [49] 刘洪林,李景明,王红岩. 水文地质条件对低煤阶煤层气成藏的控制作用. 天然气工业,2008,28(7):20-22. LIU H L,LI J M,WANG H Y,et al. Control of hydrogeological conditions on low rank coalbed methane reservoir formation. Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(7):20-22. [50] 陶明信,王万春,李中平,等. 煤层中次生生物气的形成途径与母质综合研究. 科学通报,2014,59(11):970-978. TAO M X,WANG W C,LI Z P,et al. Integrated pathways of secondary biogas formation and parent material in coal seams. Chinese Science Bulletin,2014,59(11):970-978. [51] 朱炎铭,周友,司庆红,等. 生物成因非常规天然气研究进展及展望. 石油学报,2013,34(2):405-411. ZHU Y M,ZHOU Y,SI Q H,et al. Research advances in microbial unconventional gas and its prospect. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2013,34(2):405-411. [52] 张小军,陶明信,王万春,等. 淮南潘集、张集煤矿次生生物气地球化学特征. 天然气工业,2008,28(7):34-38. ZHANG X J,TAO M X,WANG W C,et al. Geochemical characteristics of secondary biogas in Pan Ji and Zhang Ji coal mines, Huainan. Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(7):34-38. [53] 苏现波,林晓英. 煤层气地质学. 北京:煤炭工业出版社, 2009:19-37. SU X B,LIN X Y. Coal bed gas geology. Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,2009:19-37. [54] 张小龙,张同伟,李艳芳,等.页岩气勘探和开发进展综述. 岩性油气藏,2013,25(2):116-122. ZHANG X L,ZHANG T W,LI Y F,et al. Research advance in exploration and development of shale gas. Lithologic Reservoirs,2013,25(2):116-122. [55] 罗健,戴鸿鸣,邵隆坎,等.四川盆地下古生界页岩气资源前景预测. 岩性油气藏,2012,24(4):70-74. LUO J,DAI H M,SHAO L K,et al. Prospect prediction for shale gas resources of the Lower Paleozoic in Sichuan Basin. Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(4):70-74. [56] 孟凡洋,陈科,包书景,等.湘西北复杂构造区下寒武统页岩含气性及主控因素分析:以慈页1井为例.岩性油气藏,2018, 30(5):29-39. MENG F Y,CHEN K,BAO S J,et al. Gas-bearing property and main controlling factors of Lower Cambrian shale in complex tectonic area of northwestern Hunan province:a case of well Ciye 1. Lithologic Reservoirs,2018,30(5):29-39. [57] 姜生玲,汪生秀,洪克岩,等. 渝东北地区下古生界页岩气聚集条件及资源潜力. 岩性油气藏,2017,29(5):11-18. JIANG S L,WANG S X,HONG K Y,et al. Accumulation conditions of Lower Paleozoic shale gas and its resources in northeastern Chongqing. Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(5):11-18. |
[1] | 闫建平, 来思俣, 郭伟, 石学文, 廖茂杰, 唐洪明, 胡钦红, 黄毅. 页岩气井地质工程套管变形类型及影响因素研究进展[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(5): 1-14. |
[2] | 杨学锋, 赵圣贤, 刘勇, 刘绍军, 夏自强, 徐飞, 范存辉, 李雨桐. 四川盆地宁西地区奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组页岩气富集主控因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(5): 99-110. |
[3] | 包汉勇, 赵帅, 张莉, 刘皓天. 川东红星地区中上二叠统页岩气勘探成果及方向展望[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(4): 12-24. |
[4] | 申有义, 王凯峰, 唐书恒, 张松航, 郗兆栋, 杨晓东. 沁水盆地榆社—武乡区块二叠系煤系页岩储层地质建模及“甜点”预测[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(4): 98-108. |
[5] | 段逸飞, 赵卫卫, 杨天祥, 李富康, 李慧, 王嘉楠, 刘钰晨. 鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区二叠系山西组页岩气源储特征及聚集规律[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(3): 72-83. |
[6] | 程静, 闫建平, 宋东江, 廖茂杰, 郭伟, 丁明海, 罗光东, 刘延梅. 川南长宁地区奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组页岩气储层低电阻率响应特征及主控因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(3): 31-39. |
[7] | 杨博伟, 石万忠, 张晓明, 徐笑丰, 刘俞佐, 白卢恒, 杨洋, 陈相霖. 黔南地区下石炭统打屋坝组页岩气储层孔隙结构特征及含气性评价[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2024, 36(1): 45-58. |
[8] | 刘亚明, 王丹丹, 田作基, 张志伟, 王童奎, 王朝锋, 阳孝法, 周玉冰. 巴西桑托斯盆地复杂碳酸盐岩油田火成岩发育特征及预测方法[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2023, 35(6): 127-137. |
[9] | 魏全超, 李小佳, 李峰, 郝景宇, 邓双林, 吴娟, 邓宾, 王道军. 四川盆地米仓山前缘旺苍地区下寒武统筇竹寺组裂缝脉体发育特征及意义[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2023, 35(5): 62-70. |
[10] | 杨跃明, 张少敏, 金涛, 明盈, 郭蕊莹, 王兴志, 韩璐媛. 川南地区二叠系龙潭组页岩储层特征及勘探潜力[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2023, 35(1): 1-11. |
[11] | 闫建平, 罗静超, 石学文, 钟光海, 郑马嘉, 黄毅, 唐洪明, 胡钦红. 川南泸州地区奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组页岩裂缝发育模式及意义[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2022, 34(6): 60-71. |
[12] | 邱晨, 闫建平, 钟光海, 李志鹏, 范存辉, 张悦, 胡钦红, 黄毅. 四川盆地泸州地区奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组页岩沉积微相划分及测井识别[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2022, 34(3): 117-130. |
[13] | 张梦琳, 李郭琴, 何嘉, 衡德. 川西南缘天宫堂构造奥陶系五峰组—志留系龙马溪组页岩气富集主控因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2022, 34(2): 141-151. |
[14] | 徐诗雨, 林怡, 曾乙洋, 赵春妮, 何开来, 杨京, 黎洋, 祝怡. 川西北双鱼石地区下二叠统栖霞组气水分布特征及主控因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2022, 34(1): 63-72. |
[15] | 熊加贝, 何登发. 全球碳酸盐岩地层-岩性大油气田分布特征及其控制因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2022, 34(1): 187-200. |
|