岩性油气藏 ›› 2021, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 1–10.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20210501

• 油气地质 •    下一篇

柴达木盆地英西地区渐新统E32储层特征及成藏模式

杜江民1,2, 龙鹏宇1,2, 秦莹民3, 张桐4, 马宏宇1,2, 盛军5   

  1. 1. 河北地质大学 河北省战略性关键矿产资源重点实验室, 石家庄 050031;
    2. 河北地质大学 地球科学学院, 石家庄 050031;
    3. 中国石油集团西部钻探工程有限公司 试油公司, 新疆 克拉玛依 834000;
    4. 中国石油集团西部钻探工程有限公司 地质研究院, 新疆 克拉玛依 834000;
    5. 中国石油青海油田分公司 勘探开发研究院, 甘肃 敦煌 736202
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-09 修回日期:2021-04-17 出版日期:2021-10-01 发布日期:2021-09-30
  • 第一作者:杜江民(1984-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事石油地质和沉积学方面的研究工作。地址:(050031)河北省石家庄市槐安东路136号河北地质大学教务处。Email:jiangmindu@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“塔中地区上奥陶统良里塔格组微生物碳酸盐岩沉积特征对多尺度孔隙耦合的影响”（编号：41702163）、河北地质大学博士科研启动基金项目“碳酸盐岩储层白云岩成因机理研究”（编号：BQ2017049）和河北省拔尖人才项目“河北省复杂地质成因致密油烃源岩有机碳含量测井评价规律研究”（编号：BJ2018028）联合资助

Characteristics and accumulation model of Oligocene E32 reservoir in Yingxi area,Qaidam Basin

DU Jiangmin1,2, LONG Pengyu1,2, QIN Yingmin3, ZHANG Tong4, MA Hongyu1,2, SHENG Jun5   

  1. 1. Hebei Key Laboratory of Strategic Critical Mineral Resources, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China;
    2. College of Earth Sciences, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, China;
    3. CNPC Xibu Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Karamay 834000, Xinjiang, China;
    4. Geological Research Institute, CNPC Xibu Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Karamay 834000, Xinjiang, China;
    5. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Dunhuang 736202, Gansu, China
  • Received:2021-04-09 Revised:2021-04-17 Online:2021-10-01 Published:2021-09-30

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摘要： 近年来，柴达木盆地英西地区发现了亿吨级储量规模的大油气田。为研究英西地区渐新统E32储层特征及成藏模式，开展了岩心观察和薄片鉴定、X射线衍射分析、物性测试、扫描电镜分析、构造演化研究和成藏条件分析等。结果表明：①英西地区渐新统E32储集层规模巨大，以湖相碳酸盐岩为主，夹陆源碎屑、泥质和各种盐类矿物。②岩石物性以"低孔-特低渗"型为主，孔隙类型包括白云石晶间孔、溶蚀孔和各种微裂缝。③英雄领地区整体上具有"南北分带、东西分段"的特征，其演化经历了古始新世-中新世断坳（29.3~23.8 Ma）、上新世早期弱挤压（23.8~7.2 Ma）和上新世晚期-第四纪强挤压（7.2 Ma~现今）3个阶段。④英西地区E32油气藏具有"自生自储"特征，其烃源岩TOC多为0.5%~1.0%，Ro多为0.6%~0.9%，丰度低、质量中等、成熟度低，但岩石中含大量可溶有机质。上部的盐间油层组发育优质盖层，构造裂缝和层间缝为油气运移通道，异常高压为油气运移的主要动力，存在"超压+浮力"驱动和"超压+扩散"驱动等类型。多期次、持续充注和晚期成藏为亿吨级大型油气藏的形成奠定了基础。该研究成果对英西地区渐新统油气勘探具有指导作用。

关键词: 储层特征, 构造演化, 成藏模式, E32, 渐新统, 英西地区, 柴达木盆地

Abstract: In recent years, a large oil and gas field with a reserve of 100 million tons has been found in Yingxi area of Qaidam Basin. In order to study the reservoir characteristics and accumulation model of E32 of Oligocene in Yingxi area, core observation and thin section identification, X-ray diffraction analysis, physical property test, scanning electron microscope analysis, structural evolution study and reservoir forming condition analysis were carried out. The results show that:(1) The Oligocene E32 reservoir in Yingxi area is large in scale, mainly composed of lacustrine carbonate rocks, with terrigenous clastic, argillaceous and various salt minerals.(2) The physical properties of the rock are mainly of low porosity and ultra-low permeability, and the pore types include dolomite intercrystalline pores, dissolved pores and various micro fractures.(3) The Yingxiongling area is characterized by north-south zonation and east-west segmentation, and its evolution has experienced three stages:Paleocene-Miocene fault depression(29.3-23.8 Ma), early Pliocene weak compression(23.8-7.2 Ma) and strong compression in late Pliocene-Quaternary(7.2 Ma-present).(4) The E32 reservoirs in Yingxi area have the characteristics of self-source and self-reservoir. TOC and Ro of the source rocks are mostly 0.5%-1.0% and 0.6%-0.9% respectively, with low abundance, medium quality and low maturity, but the rocks contain a lot of soluble organic matter. Highquality caprock is developed in the upper salt interlayer group, structural fractures and interlayer fractures are oil and gas migration channels, abnormal high pressure is the main driving force of oil and gas migration, and there are "overpressure+buoyancy" driving and "overpressure+diffusion" driving types. Multi-stage, continuous charging and late accumulation have laid the foundation for the formation of large oil and gas reservoirs with a billion tons. The results of this study have a guiding role for oil and gas exploration of Oligocene in Yingxi area.

Key words: reservoir characteristics, tectonic evolution, accumulation model, E32, Oligocene, Yingxi area, Qaidam Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE121.1
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