黔南坳陷下石炭统台间黑色岩系有机质富集特征及控制因素

doi:10.12108/yxyqc.20190210

岩性油气藏 ›› 2019, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 83–95.doi: 10.12108/yxyqc.20190210

黔南坳陷下石炭统台间黑色岩系有机质富集特征及控制因素

丁江辉^1,2,3, 张金川^1,2, 李兴起^1,2, 郎岳^1,2, 郑玉岩^1,2, 许龙飞^1,2

1. 中国地质大学(北京)能源学院, 北京 100083;
2. 国土资源部页岩气资源战略评价重点实验室, 北京 100083;
3. 中国地质大学构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室, 武汉 430074

收稿日期:2018-10-26 修回日期:2018-12-25 出版日期:2019-03-21 发布日期:2019-03-21
通讯作者: 张金川(1964-),男,博士,教授,博士生导师,主要从事非常规天然气地质、油气成藏机理与分布规律及油气资源评价等方面的教学与研究工作。Email:zhangjc@cugb.edu.cn。 E-mail:zhangjc@cugb.edu.cn
作者简介:丁江辉(1990-),男,中国地质大学(北京)在读博士研究生,研究方向为沉积地球化学及非常规油气地质评价。地址:(100083)北京市海淀区学院路29号中国地质大学(北京)能源学院。Email:djhdream2015@163.com
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项“页岩气分类分级资源评价方法研究”（编号：2016ZX05034-002-001）、“构造与油气资源”教育部重点实验室开放研究基金课题“基于龟裂实验的页岩成岩收缩缝形成机理及应用”（编号：TPR-2018-09）和优秀导师基金项目“页岩层内结核发育特征及其油气地质意义”（编号：2-9-2017-315）联合资助

Characteristics and controlling factors of organic matter enrichment of Lower Carboniferous black rock series deposited in inter-platform region,Southern Guizhou Depression

DING Jianghui^1,2,3, ZHANG Jinchuan^1,2, LI Xingqi^1,2, LANG Yue^1,2, ZHENG Yuyan^1,2, XU Longfei^1,2

1. School of Energy and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Strategy Evaluation for Shale Gas, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100083, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources, Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

Received:2018-10-26 Revised:2018-12-25 Online:2019-03-21 Published:2019-03-21

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 黔南坳陷下石炭统台间黑色岩系中有机质较为发育，为研究其富集特征及控制因素，以黔南安顺市镇宁县本寨乡露头剖面为研究对象，开展了总有机碳含量（TOC）测试、氩离子抛光-扫面电镜分析、主微量元素分析等工作。结果表明：①黔南坳陷下石炭统大塘组黑色岩系样品的TOC质量分数为0.90%~2.83%，平均为1.45%，且TOC变化与地层旋回具有很好的相关性。② U，V和Mo等微量元素含量相对较低，氧化-还原敏感指标U/Th，V/Cr，Ni/Co及EF_U-EF_Mo协变模式，黄铁矿粒径均超过5 μm，三大证据均反映黔南坳陷早石炭世黑色岩系沉积时期水体处于氧化-次氧化环境，这种水体的富氧状态不利于有机质的保存，但台间水体相对较浅，部分生物快速埋藏来不及被氧化或降解，也可形成有机质的富集。③ U/Th，V/Cr和Ni/Co与TOC没有明显的相关性，而古生产力指标Mo含量与TOC含量呈现明显的正相关性，表明台间黑色岩系有机质的富集主要受古生产力控制，且陆源碎屑的输入对有机质含量具有一定的稀释作用。④早石炭世研究区区域性海平面的上升带来了丰富的营养物质，使得水体中的生物更加繁盛，提高了生产力。该研究成果对于海陆过渡相煤系、中小型含煤盆地中的有机质富集规律和页岩气成藏条件研究均具有一定的参考价值。

关键词: 有机质, 氧化-还原条件, 古生产力, 大塘组, 台间区域, 黔南坳陷

Abstract: Organic matter is well developed in the Lower Carboniferous black rock series deposited in an interplatform region,Southern Guizhou Depression. In order to clarify the characteristics and controlling factors of organic matter enrichment in such a setting,a case study was carried out from a newly-cut roadside outcrop,by conducting total organic carbon (TOC) test,argon ion polishing-scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, major and trace element tests. The results show that:(1) TOC contents of the investigated samples of Datang Formation in Southern Guizhou Depression range from 0.90% to 2.83%,with an average of 1.45%,displaying cyclic fluctuations being in accordance with the stratigraphic cycle. (2) Both the relatively low U,V and Mo concentrations and framboidal pyrite diameter mostly more than 5 μm,together with EF_U-EF_Mo covariations and multiple redox-sensitive indicators such as U/Th, V/Cr and Ni/Co,indicate an oxic and/or dysoxic water environment in Southern Guizhou Depression during the Early Carboniferous period,which is usually considered unfavorable for organic matter accumulation and preservation. Because the water depth in the inter-platform region is relatively shallow,some organisms cannot be oxidized or degraded through rapid burial,further promoting organic matter enrichment. (3) There is no obvious correlation between TOC and U/Th, V/Cr and Ni/Co. Of the aspects that might affect organic matter enrichment,including redox conditions,paleoproductivity,and terrigenous clastic input,the paleoproductivity seems to be the dominant controlling factor. This is strongly supported by the positive correlation between Mo and TOC contents. Also,terrigenous clastic inputs have a certain dilution effect on the organic matter content. (4) The organic matter enrichment in Southern Guizhou Depression arose dominantly from increased organic carbon export with enhanced nutrient fluxes owning to the regional sea level rising during the Early Carboniferous period. The research results would provide guidance for the study of organic matter enrichment patterns and shale gas accumulation conditions in the marine-continental transitional coal-bearing strata and medium and small-sized coal-bearing basins.

Key words: organic matter, redox conditions, paleoproductivity, Datang Formation, inter-platform region, Southern Guizhou Depression

中图分类号:

TE122.2

丁江辉, 张金川, 李兴起, 郎岳, 郑玉岩, 许龙飞. 黔南坳陷下石炭统台间黑色岩系有机质富集特征及控制因素[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2019, 31(2): 83–95.

DING Jianghui, ZHANG Jinchuan, LI Xingqi, LANG Yue, ZHENG Yuyan, XU Longfei. Characteristics and controlling factors of organic matter enrichment of Lower Carboniferous black rock series deposited in inter-platform region,Southern Guizhou Depression[J]. Lithologic Reservoirs, 2019, 31(2): 83–95.

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黔南坳陷下石炭统台间黑色岩系有机质富集特征及控制因素

Characteristics and controlling factors of organic matter enrichment of Lower Carboniferous black rock series deposited in inter-platform region,Southern Guizhou Depression

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